Welcome to BSU Institutional Research Repository (BSUIR)
The Bishop Stuart University Institutional Research Repository (BSUIR), managed by the University Library provides digital access to the scholarly, research and creative works of Bishop Stuart University. The collection includes Theses, peer reviewed journal articles, books, conference proceedings, technical reports and more. The repository aims to boost collaboration, innovation, and discoverability of research globally to improve lives.
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Recent Submissions
Relationship between land use, seasonality, hydrological conditions, and the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and 17β-estradiol onto polyethylene terephthalate microplastics in a small urban river system, Eastern Cape, South Africa
(IWA Publishing, 2026) Edgar Tumwesigye; Chika Felicitas Nnadozie; Frank C. Akamagwuna; Xavier Siwe Noundou; George William Nyakairu; Oghenekaro Nelson Odume
Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly identified as contaminant vectors in aquatic systems. However, the role of land use, seasonality, and hydrological conditions in contaminant- microplastic (MP) interactions remains underexplored. This study investigated the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and 17β-estradiol (E2) onto polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs in the Bloukrans River, South Africa, across four land use sites (municipal, wastewater, agriculture, and control) during summer and autumn. PET MPs were deployed in situ, retrieved, and analysed for adsorbed contaminants using LC-MS/MS. Sulfamethoxazole adsorption differed significantly by site (F(3,16) = 4.161, p = 0.0234) and season F(1,16) = 7.202, p = 0.016), with adsorption highest at wastewater and agriculture impacted sites, and autumn concentrations exceeding summer by 176.5 ng L−1 . CIP adsorption varied significantly only by site (p = 0.0231) but not between seasons. E2 adsorption was non-significant (p > 0.05) for both sites and seasons. The hydrological analysis indicated that river width significantly influenced CIP, while SMX and E2 showed no hydrological dependence. By addressing the paucity of in situ evidence in small urban rivers of Africa, this study demonstrates that land use, seasonality, and hydrological conditions play an important role in influencing the adsorption of the selected compounds by PET MPs.
The Effect of Cultural Factors on the Consumption of Consumable Insects : Evidence from Rural Southwestern Uganda.
(Science Publishing Group, 2024-06-14) Isaac Akandwanaho; Adrian Wekulo Mukhebi; Rebecca Kalibwani; Gershom Nuwemuhwezi; Christopher Obel-Ogor; Donald Rugira Kugonza
Consumable insects are an important part of human food systems and their consumption across diverse cultures dates back into the pre-historical period. This study assessed the effect of cultural factors on the consumption of consumable insects in the Kiruhura district of southwestern Uganda. The study employed a post-positivism research paradigm (mixed methodology) in a cross-sectional survey. The survey was conducted across 134 households in the Kiruhura district of South-western Uganda between January and June 2021 using a self-administered questionnaire and interview guide. Results show that member attitude and perceptions, cultural beliefs, and values were significant drivers of eating insects, particularly grasshoppers in the Kiruhura district. The findings of the study imply that the eating of insects in the area could be enhanced by educating and raising awareness about the importance of utilizing insects as a source of food. More program support that integrates rearing of insects within the household farming system could increase availability and sustainable use of seasonal consumable insects as nutritious food presents great implications for policies targeting dietary interventions.
Assessing the Sustainability of Donated Livestock Projects by Operation Wealth Creation to Smallholder Farmers in Mitooma Sub-County Mitooma District.
(Science Publishing Group, 2024-07-02) Tworekirwe Miriam; Rebecca Kalibwani; Gershom Nuwemuhwezi; Ferdinand Aine
This research assessed the long-term sustainability of Operation Wealth Creation (OWC)'s donated livestock projects for smallholder farmers in Mitooma Sub-County, Uganda. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, with smallholder farmers selected through stratified random sampling. A study using structured questionnaires found that only 15% of households receiving donated livestock enterprises still own them, and 85% abandoned them within 9 years, indicating a lack of sustainability in these enterprises. The sustainability of donated livestock enterprises for small-scale farmers is influenced by family size, household income, food security, profitability, awareness of enterprise management practices, perception, culture, education, land tenure system, and age. Results also established that donated livestock enterprises significantly affected households to sell or trade the products (e.g., milk, meat, eggs) (P=0.000), households’ ability to cope with economic shocks or emergencies (P=0.001) and improving access to credit or financial services (P=0.013) and least significant in providing household income (P=0.668). Furthermore, results established donated livestock enterprise were less significant in increasing food availability (P=0.146), improving access to nutritious food, generating income for food purchase (P=0.913), facilitating asset accumulation for food security (P=0.116) and providing alternative coping mechanisms during periods of food scarcity (P=0.351). The study suggests that donated livestock enterprises are not sustainable, as many smallholder farmers abandon them within five years, and recommends enabling input suppliers and providing subsidies for farmers.
The Effect of Post-harvest Handling Practices of Indigenous Leafy Vegetable on Food and Nutrition Security Among Farmers in Isingiro Town Council, Isingiro District
(Science Publishing Group, 2025-06-12) Nsiimire Deziderius; Rebecca Kalibwani; Atwongyeire Doreen
This study assessed the effect of post-harvest handling practices of indigenous leafy vegetable on food and nutrition security among farmers in Isingiro Town Council, Isingiro district. The specific objective was to; identify the factors influencing the use of different post-harvest handling practices on indigenous leafy vegetables. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design applying quantitative and qualitative approaches for data collection. Data was captured from a sample of 200 respondents using both questionnaire and interviews. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 to generate both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed availability of technologies as one of the major factors influencing use of postharvest handling practices as supported by 91.8% and mean of 4.459. Furthermore, the garden tools available, level of knowledge and exposure to existing appropriate postharvest handling practices and experience in vegetable growing and handling also determined the use of postharvest handling practices. The study recommends that there should be provision of materials to farmers to use or hire at a relatively cheap cost, for instance polyethylene, tarpaulins, artificial driers using solar to help them come up with quality products for increased market competitiveness. There is also a need to explore community-based approaches and participatory decision-making processes among stakeholders.
Effects of Urban Agriculture on the Socio-Economic Status of Farmers in Cities of Sub-Sahara Africa. A case of Zambia, South Africa, and Nigeria: A Review
(East African Nature & Science Organization, 2026-01-22) Leonard Ninsheka; Edward Ssemakula; Christopher Tiyo; Rebecca Kalibwani; Ronald Kityo; Wilson Mugizi; Willbroad Byamukama
This paper reviews the current literature concerning the effect of urban agriculture on the socio-economic status of urban farmers in Sub-Sahara African Cities. The main objective of this review is to examine the impacts of urban agriculture on the socio-economic status of urban farmers in Sub-Sahara African Cities. Specifically, the paper reviews the impact of urban agriculture on income and food security as well as the benefits and challenges affecting urban Agriculture development in selected cities of sub-Saharan African countries. This paper reviews different articles and papers on urban farming in Sub-Sahara Africa and globally. The review posits that there is scanty information on how urban agriculture affects farmers' socio-economic status in sub-Saharan Africa. How farmers derive their social and economic status by engaging in urban agriculture, and the types and motivations of farmers are not clear. The review suggests that understanding the factors that are crucial for food security, income and related benefits in urban agriculture is essential to developing the right technologies and policies.