Margret TumuramyeEdward SsemakulaRebecca Kalibwani2026-07-272026-07-272025-09-13https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.90800038624546186http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12284/930Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plays a crucial role in food security and income generation for smallholder farmers in southwestern Uganda. However, its production and overall value chain performance are influenced by a complex interplay of environmental, socioeconomic, and institutional factors. This study examines the key determinants affecting Irish potato farming among smallholder farmers in Rubanda District, using primary data collected through structured surveys and supported by literature review. Findings reveal that limited access to quality seed, fertilizers, credit, and agricultural extension services significantly constrain productivity. Poor infrastructure including roads, storage, and electricity further limits market access and increases post-harvest losses. Market-related challenges such as price fluctuations, limited bargaining power, and inadequate information systems undermine income stability. Climate variability, including erratic rainfall and rising pest and disease incidence, also impacts yields and resource availability. Despite these challenges, farmers demonstrate resilience through cooperative marketing, crop diversification, and adoption of improved techniques. The study underscores the need for integrated interventions targeting input access, infrastructure development, capacity building, and climate-smart practices to enhance the sustainability and profitability of Irish potato value chains. These insights offer guidance for policymakers, development practitioners, and agricultural stakeholders aiming to strengthen rural livelihoods in Uganda.en-USIrish potatoClimate changeSmallholder farmersValue chainsAgricultural constraintsMarket accessAdaptation strategies.Article